Photo composing machine



Feb. 14, 1967 R. c. KUDLICKI ET AL 3,303,764

PHOTO COMPOSING MACHINE 1,8 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 24, 1963 INVENTORSRICHARD C. KUDLJCKI BY ROLAND W. SMITH Feb; 14, 1967 R. c. KUDLICKI ETAL3,303,764

PHOTO COMPOSING MACHINE l8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 24, 1963 INVENTORSRICHARD C. KUDLICKI ROLAND W. SMITH Feb. 14, 1967 R. c. KUDLICK! T ALPHOTO COMPOS ING MACHINE l8 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed D80. 24, 1963 INVENTORSRBCHARD C. KUDLICKI ROLAND W. SMITH Feb. 14, 1967 R. c. KUDLICKI ET 3,

PHOTO COMPUSING MACHINE Filed Dec. 24, 1963 18 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTORSRICHARD C. KUDLICKI Y ROLAND W. SMITH Feb. 14, 1967 R, c, KUDLICK] ET AL3,303,764

PHOTO COMPOSING MACHINE Filed Dec. 24, 1963 18 Sheets-Sheet 5 R E 52 II48 I 5 i E 1 :50 1 I 68 use :42 l l 1 I40 i l 22 INVENTORS momma c.KUDLICKI ROLAND W. SMITH Feb. 14, 1967 R. c. KUDLICKI ET AL 3,303,764

PHOTO COMPOSING MACHINE Filed Dec. 24, 1963 18 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTORSRICHARD C. KUDLICKI ROLAND W. SMITH Feb. 14, 1967 R. c. KUDLICKI ET AL3,303,764

PHOTO COMPOS ING MACHINE Filed Dec. 24, 1963 l8, Sheets-Sheet 7Qlziifhsliizy INVENTORS RICHARD C. KUDLICKI R BY OLAND W SMITH 1967 I R.c. KUDLICKI ET AL 3,303,764

PHOTO COMPOSING MACHINE Filed Dec. 24, 1963 18 Sheets-Sheet 8 IN VENTORSRICHARD C. KUDLICKI BY ROLAND W. SMITH Feb. 14, 1967 R. c. KUDLICKI ETAL 3,303,764

' PHOTO GOMPOSING MACHINE Filed Dec. 24, 1963 18 Sheets-Sheet 9INVENTORS RICHARD C. KUDLICKI ROLAND W. SMlTH Feb. 14, 1967 R. c.KUDLICKI ET 3,303,764

PHOTO COMPOSING MACHINE Filed Dec. 24, 1963 18 Sheets-Sheet 10 INVENTORSRICHARD C. KUDLICKI ROLAND W. SMITH Feb. 14, 1967 R. c. KUDLICKI ET AL3,303,764

PHOTO COMPOSING MACHINE Filed Dec. 24, 1963 18 Sheets-Sheet 11 INVENTORSRICHARD C. KUDLICKI ROLAND W. SMITH Fell 1967 R. c. KU bLlCKl ET3,303,764

PHOTO COMPOSING MACHINE l8 Sheets-Sheet 12 Filed Dec. 24, 1963 INVENTORSRICHARD C. KUDLICKI ROLAND W SMITH BY Feb. 14,1967 R. c. KUDLICKI ETAI-3,303,764

PHOTO COMPOSING MACHINE l8 Sheets-Sheet 13 Filed Dec. 24, 1963 INVENTORSRICHARD C. KUDLICKI ROLAN D W. SMITH Feb. 14, 1967 R. c. KUDLICKI ET AL3,303,764

PHOTO COMPOSING MACHINE Filed Dec. 24, 1963 l8 Sheets-Sheet 14 INVENTORSRICHARD C. KUDLICKI ROLAND W. SMITH Feb. 14, 1967 R. c. KUDLICKI ET AL3,303,764

I PHOTO COMPOSING MACHINE Filed Dec. 24, 1963 l8 Sheets-Sheet 15INVENTORS RICHARD c. KUDLIOKI BY ROLAND w. sm'm Feb. 14, 1967 R. c.KUDLICKI ET AL 3,303,764

PHOTO COMPOSING MACHINE Filed Dec. 24, 1963 18 Sheets-Sheet 1e INVENTORSRICHARD C. KUDLICKI ROLAND W. SMITH Feb. 14, 1957 R. c. KUDLICKI ET AL3,303,764

PHOTO GOMPOSING MACHINE 'ls SheetsSheet 18 Filed Dec. 24, 1963 fidm Mnew 0 m k T own @952 10.6: m H M25 2 5 mm H U M 2 K N N2 m w M m M A@0215 28 m R R m8 Sa v.98 emu. u n zo.mu

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Filed Dec. 24, 1963, Ser. No. 333,035 16 Claims. (Cl. 95-45) Thisinvention relates to a photo composing machine and, more particularly,to a photo composing machine for use in photographically producingfacsimiles of printed subject matter to be produced.

Various photo composing machines are in use for producing film on whichfacsimiles of print are photographically developed. However, suchmachines generally require considerable manual labor in their operationand lack versatility in operation.

Prior art photo composing machines require manual attention to thespacing of type exposures on film as well as to the adaptation of themachine to produce various styles of photographically produced typefacsimiles.

Many prior art machines require a degree of disassembly and reassemblyfor adapting them to a change in the style of lettering or font to bereproduced.

Various prior art machines also require special setups and manualadjustments to coordinate various functions of photo composing machineswith relation to enlargement, justification, bad character combinations,and various fonts, and coordination thereof with film advancement toaccomplish proper spacing of the various exposures on the film so thatthese exposures may coincide with the required spacing of variousletters, one from the other. Further, much time has been lost in theoperation of prior art machines due to a lack of facilities for indexingletter templates With respect to photographic exposure devices so thatall letters of the alphabet and various numerals and characters may bereadily and quickly exposed in proper sequence to produce facsimiles ofsubject matter.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a photocomposing machine having a novel combination of rotary character supportand exposure rings together with automatic film advancing mechanismwhich is actuated by means on each ring to advance thefilm precisely agiven distance in relation to the required spacing of various letters ofmaterial being produced as the various letters are exposed from therings of the invention, to the film, in proper sequence.

Another object of the invention is to provide a very simple and reliablemechanism providing optional usage of a great variety of type or fontsof type with a very simple means of selecting and indexing such type inposition for photographic exposure and production of type facsimiles.

Another object of the invention is to provide a photo composing machinehaving a plurality of transparent/ translucent rings arranged in anassembly and in axial alignment with each other to form a drum; eachring having a different style of characters or font which may beilluminated from the interior of the drum so that means exteriorly ofthe drum may photographically transmit the illuminated characters tophotosensitive film and thereby means stationarily mounted internally ofeach annular ring portion engages notches therein; each notch being of adepth corresponding with a character on the drum being exposed to saidillumination and whereby means'engageable with the notch provides acontrol function for a film advancing mechanism which advances film adistance according to the respective United States Patent notch and therequired spacing of each individual character being exposed so that aplurality of successive characters photog-raphically reproduced on saidfilm will be in proper spaced position for producing copy.

Another object of the invention is to provide a photo composing machinehaving a novel means for rotatably indexing an annular drum withcharacters on the periphery thereof, whereby various characters of thealphabet or numerical characters may be quickly indexed with a lightsource and lens system for photographically producing type facsimiles.

Another object of the invention is to provide a photo composing machinehaving novel means for automatically advancing photosensitive film withrelation to a fixed exposure axis, wherein a lens system and lightsource is disposed to optically expose the film to various characters ornumerals on a rotatable and axially movable drum having axially spacedannular font or character holding bands thereon.

Another object of the invention is to provide a photo composing machinehaving a novel means for advancing film in relation to characters towhich the film is exposed, said advancing mechanism being cooperablewith photographic means whereby the film advancing mechanism advancesthe film a distance in proportion to the degree of optical enlargementor magnification afforded by the enlarging system of the machine.

Another object of the invention is to provide a photo composing machinehaving a novel assembly of character supporting rings having differentstyles of type thereon, together with means for moving any one of saidrings and indexing it relative to a stationary light source and filmadvance mechanism supported by a central shaft internally of theassembly of rings.

Another object of the invention is to provide a photo composing machinehaving a multiple font carrying rotatable drum mounted on a concentricassembly of shafts one of which is stationary and supporting a lightsource; a second shaft rotatably mounted about the stationary shaft andcarrying an actuating cam projectable into notch means of the drum; saidnotch means corresponding with individual characters on the drum, andthe rotatable means being coupled with a film advancing mechanism forproportional advancement of the film relative to the light source inaccordance with the required spacing of such characters in theproduction of subject matter employing type facsimiles photographicallyproduced.

Another object of the invention is to provide a photo composing machinehaving a rotary drum rotatable about its axis and movable longitudinallyof its axis, and having several font or type supporting bands thereon,any one of which is exposable to a light source and an optical system,and wherein novel means is provided for rotating the drum automaticallyto pre-selected positions by operation of keys on a console, and alsowherein rotation of the drum and operation of the keys automaticallyadvances film to be exposed to the characters by the light source insuch a manner that compensation is made for optical magnification, thetype or font style, bad character combinations, and/or manualjustification which may be fed into the automatic controls by operationof equipment on the console of the machine.

Another object of the invention is to provide a photo composing machinehaving a novel rotatable drum assembly having annular bands of exposabletype or font; said drum being movable longitudinally of its axis toalign any one of said bands with a light source and an optical system.And the invention comprising novel electrical and electronic circuitryfor rotating the drum for the selection of characters and for advancingfilm relative to the optical system, all of which is operable in a verysimple and accurate manner from keyboard controls of a console of themachine.

Another object of the invention is to provide a photo composing machinehaving novel means for exposing film, cuttingoif exposed lengths offilm, and developing the exposed film.

Another object of the invention is to provide a photo composing machinehaving novel means for exposing film; for reversing the filmlongitudinally of itself, and for movingthe film laterally andsubsequently advancing it consecutively to produce superimposed lines oftype copy on the film.

FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of the cabinet of a photo composingmachine in accordance with the present invention and showing thekeyboard and controls for the machine;

FIGURE 2 is a perspective view similar to FIGURE 1 showing the cabinetof the machine in broken lines and showing the internal operatingstructure of the machine in-the assembly;

FIGURE 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the type character drumassembly spacing actuator mechanism and illuminating equipment showingportions of the structure broken away and in section to amplify theillustration;

FIGURE 4 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken from the line44 of FIGURE 3;

FIGURE 5 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken from the line5-5 of FIGURE 8;

FIGURE 6 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken from the line6-6 of FIGURE 3;

FIGURE 7 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken from-the line77 of FIGURE 3;

FIGURE 8 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken from the line88 of FIGURE 3;

FIGURE 9 is an enlarged perspective view showing the character drumassembly of the invention and manual means for actuating the drumassembly relative to a stationary light source whereby various sectionsof the drum may be indexing with the light source;

FIGURE 10' is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken from the line1010 of FIGURE 9 showing indexing means for holding the drum assemblyprecisely in certain positions to align various annular portions thereofwith a light source;

FIGURE 11 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view of a portion ofthe drum assembly as shown in FIGURE 9 and showing further means forindexing an annular section of the drum assembly;

FIGURE 12 is another view similar to FIGURE 11 but showing indexingmeans in a varying engaged position with respect to that shown in FIGURE11;

FIGURE 13 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the structures shownin FIGURES 11 and 12, showing by broken lines indexing action of thedrum assembly of the invention;

FIGURE 14 is a fragmentary sectional view taken from line 1414 of FIGURE12;

FIGURE 15 is an exploded perspective view of elements of the drumassembly of the invention showing one of the letter character bands orcharacter support removed from one of the drum sections and illustratingfilm spacer mechanism in connection with one of the sections of the drumassembly;

FIGURE 16 is an enlarged fragmentary view showing poitions of themechanism disclosed in FIGURE 15, which mechanisms are responsible forspacing film in accordance with the required spacing between variousletters so that the letters will be variably spaced in their exposedrelation to photographic film; said film being driven by meansresponsive to the mechanism shown in FIG URE 16; i

FIGURE 17 is a fragmentary perspective view showing a variablemagnification optical system disposed between the character supportholding drum assembly of the invention and film on which characters areprojected from the drum through said optical system of the invention;

FIGURE 18 is an enlarged sectional view taken from theline 18-18 ofFIGURE 17;

FIGURE 19 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken from the line19-19 of FIGURE 18;

FIGURE 20 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken from the line20-20 of FIGURE 2;

FIGURE 21 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken from the line2l-21 of FIGURE 19;

FIGURE 22 is a diagrammatic view of the rotatable drum assembly of theinvention showing drum rotational gear train and drive mechanismtogether with a coded switch and control circuits in block diagram whichare coupled to the keyboard of the machine for controlling rotation ofthe font carrying drum assembly bythe direct current mode;

FIGURE 23 is a view similar to FIGURE 2, but showing a modification ofthe structure shown in FIG- URE 2, namely, a servocontrol system asdistinguished from a direct current control system shown in FIGURE 22;

FIGURE 24 is a fragmentary perspective view of a modified manuallyadjustable film advancing mechanism shown operable in connection with acam and cam follower of the invention associated with a font carryingdrum and a notched flange thereof;

FIGURE 25 is a perspective view showing film handling and processingmechanism of the invention;

FIGURE 26 is a longitudinal sectional view of the film handling andprocessing mechanism taken from the line 2626 of FIGURE 25;

FIGURE 27 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view of a portion ofthe film advancing mechanism of the invention taken from substantiallythe opposite side thereof from that as shown in FIGURE 25;

FIGURE 28 is a transverse sectional view taken from the line 2828 ofFIGURE 27;

FIGURE 29 is another view of the film handling and conveyor mechanismtaken from the opposite side thereof from that as shown in FIGURE 26,and illustrating the film conveyor drive mechanism of the invention;

FIGURE 30 is an enlarged sectional view taken from the line 3030 ofFIGURE 29;

FIGURE 31 is an enlarged fragmentary view taken from the line 3131 ofFIGURE 29 showing portionsfurther broken away and in section to amplifythe illustration;

FIGURE 32 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken from the lineBIZ-32 of FIGURE 25;

FIGURE 33 is a diagrammatic view of the electrical wiring and circuitrytogether with related mechanisms of the invention providing a digitalfilm positioning means for controlling the advancement of film inaccordance with spacing requirements of various characters to bereproduced on the film; 9

FIGURE 34 is a view similar to FIGURE 33, but showing a modification ofthe control system shown in FIGURE 33; FIGURE 34 thus showing ananalogue film positioning system as contrasted with the digital film p0sitioning system shown in FIGURE 33.

As shown in FIGURE 1 of the drawings, the photo composing machine of thepresent invention is provided with a cabinet having a keyboard 52provided with suitable manual controls for the machine, as willhereinafter he described in detail.

Inside this cabinet 50 is the mechanism and electric equipment of theinvention as shown generally in FIG- URE 2 of the drawings.

The mechanism of the machine includes a frame 54 having a base section56 at each end thereof. Between these base sections 56 are securedtraverse rods 58, which

1. IN A PHOTO COMPOSING MACHINE THE COMBINATION OF: A FRAME; A HOLLOWCIRCULAR IN CROSS-SECTION CYLINDRICAL DRUM ASSEMBLY ROTATABLECONCENTRICALLY OF ITS CIRCULAR CROSS-SECTION AND MOVABLE AXIALLYRELATIVE TO SAID FRAME; A LIGHT SOURCE SUPPORTED STATIONARILY RELATIVETO SAID FRAME AND DISPOSED ADJACENT SAID HOLLOW DRUM ASSEMBLY; APLURALITY OF CIRCULAR CHARACTER SUPPORTING LIGHT TRANSMITTING PORTIONSON SAID DRUM; EACH CHARACTER SUPPORTING ADJACENT THE NEXT CHARACTERSUPPORTING PORTION LONGITUDINALLY OF THE AXIS OF SAID DRUM ASSEMBLY;PHOTOGRAPHIC MEANS ADJACENT SAID DRUM AND DISPOSED TO RECEIVE SHADOWIMAGES OF CHARACTERS BY PROJECTION OF LIGHT FROM SAID SOURCE THROUGHSAID LIGHT TRANSMITTING CHARACTER SUPPORTING PORTIONS; FIRST MEANS FORMOVING FILM RELATIVE TO SAID PHOTOGRAPHIC MEANS; A SUBSTANTIALLY ANNULARSTRUCTURE HAVING AN ANNULAR ROW OF IRREGULAR PORTIONS COMPRISINGALTERNATE PROJECTIONS AND RECESSES, SAID IRREGULAR PORTIONS CARRIED BYSAID DRUM ASSEMBLY; MEANS INDEXING EACH ONE OF SAID IRREGULAR PORTIONSWITH ONE OF SAID CHARACTER SUPPORTING PORTIONS; SAID IRREGULAR PORTIONSCORRESPONDING IN MAGNITUDE WITH THE REQUIRED FILM MOVEMENT DISTANCESWITH RESPECT TO CHARACTERS ON ONE OF SAID CHARACTER SUPPORTING PORTIONS;SECOND MEANS ENGAGEABLE WITH SAID IRREGULAR PORTIONS; A POTENTIOMETEROPERABLE BY SAID SECOND MEANS AND POWER OPERATED MEANS RESPONSIVE TOSAID POTENTIOMETER, WHEREBY SAID POWER OPERATED MEANS IS RESPONSIVE TOTHE MAGNITUDE OF ONE OF SAID IRREGULAR PORTIONS FOR OPERATING SAID FIRSTMEANS A PREDETERMINED AMOUNT TO MOVE SAID FILM A PROPER DISTANCE SO THATEACH CHARACTER PHOTOGRAPHICALLY REPRODUCED THEREON WILL BE PROPERLYSPACED RELATIVE TO ADJACENT PHOTOGRAPHICALLY REPRODUCED CHARACTERS.